![]() The large neurons of the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus synthesize antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and transport it along the hypothalamic–pituitary tract to the posterior pituitary, where it is stored and secreted into the blood ( 5, 6). The mechanisms of DI after TSS for PAs include mechanical damage to the hypothalamus, pituitary stalk, and posterior pituitary ( 4). Failure to treat DI quickly can lead to hyperosmolar dehydration with corresponding clinical manifestations, including irritability, hypoesthesia, epilepsy, coma, hypotension, acute tubular necrosis, and renal failure ( 3). However, diabetes insipidus (DI) is a common complication following transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) ( 1, 2), and the clinical management of DI depends greatly on the clinician’s experience with DI. ![]() Most pituitary adenomas (PAs) can be treated surgically using a transnasal approach experienced clinicians can perform this surgical method effectively, ensuring safety for patients. ![]()
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